🔷 Overview

The analog water level sensor module detects the presence and level of water using exposed conductive traces. It works by measuring changes in conductivity as water bridges the traces, based on the Electrical Conductivity principle.

⚙️ Electrical Specifications
Operating Voltage: 3.3V – 5V DC
Operating Current: ~10 mA – 20 mA
Power Consumption: ~50 mW
Output Type: Analog voltage (continuous signal)
📊 Measurement Specifications
Detection Type: Continuous analog level sensing
Output Voltage Range: 0V – VCC (proportional to water level)
Resolution: Depends on ADC of microcontroller (e.g., 10-bit or 12-bit)
Response Time: < 500 ms
🔌 Module Interface
📍 Pin Configuration (3-pin)
VCC – Power supply (3.3V–5V)
GND – Ground
S (Signal/A0) – Analog output
🧠 Working Principle
The sensor has parallel exposed conductive traces
As water level rises, more traces are submerged
Conductivity between traces increases
Output voltage rises proportionally with water level
🌡️ Environmental Specifications
Operating Temperature: 0°C to 50°C
Humidity: Up to 90% RH
Suitable Liquids: Water and conductive liquids (not pure distilled water)
📐 Physical Specifications
Sensor Dimensions: ~60 mm × 20 mm × 8 mm
Sensing Area: ~40 mm length (varies by model)
Material: PCB with exposed copper traces (often gold/nickel plated)
Weight: ~5 g
🔗 Compatibility

Works with:

Arduino (Uno, Nano, Mega)
ESP32 / ESP8266
Raspberry Pi (requires ADC)
Other microcontrollers
⚡ Key Features
Simple analog output (easy to read)
Low cost and easy integration
No complex calibration required
Suitable for basic water level monitoring
⚠️ Limitations
Corrosion risk: exposed traces degrade over time
Not suitable for:
Long-term immersion
Highly pure or non-conductive liquids
Accuracy affected by:
Water purity
Temperature
Contaminants
🔄 Common Variants
Basic analog-only module (no comparator)
Analog + digital module (with comparator like LM393)
Capacitive water level sensors (more durable alternative)